A new leprosarium annexed to the Church of Saint Stephen was subsequently established by the ninth century. This edifice may have been destroyed in the seventh century either as a result of the Persian or the Arab invasions. This establishment was located in the fields pertaining to the Church of Saint Mary around the Mount of Olives. A similar female element was necessary in the hospitali infirmorum sancti Lazari de Jerusalem established with the specific aim of caring for victims of leprosy.Ī leprosarium sited outside the walls of Jerusalem is documented to have been established in the fourth century AD by Aelia Eudoxia. Eventually even the Teutonic Order incorporated a female component in its organization. Services were also required to provide care for female pilgrims and chronic sick women, and both the Hospitaller Order of St John and the Order of the Templar knights had a female element to their organization. However, these establishments were not a purely male domain. Introduction The hospitaller military orders established after the First Crusade in the Outremer are generally associated with male monk warriors and clerics who managed hospitaller establishments. The twentieth century has seen the Order becoming more open and inclusive with the admission of regular female members within their ranks. The European nunneries of the order of Saint Lazarus persisted until the turmoil brought about by the Reformation of the 16 th century. Despite the military role adopted by this monastic communities, the Order seemingly originally had provision to include female members who eventually adopted a purely contemplative charisma scattered in the Outremer and through Christian Europe. It adopted a military role to combat and protect the Outremer from the Islamic threat. The Ordre de Saint Lazare saw their origins in the Outremer as a Chivalric Military and Hospitaller Order in the wake of the First Crusade during the early decades of the twelfth century.
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